Related Science articles people might be interested to read

Welcome to The Fast Diet The official Fast forums Body Science of intermittent fasting
Related Science articles people might be interested to read

This topic contains 991 replies, has 70 voices, and was last updated by  Cinque 1 year, 7 months ago.

Viewing 50 posts - 651 through 700 (of 1,018 total)

  • Hi LJoyce, your post about T2 and its reversal confirms the research that has been going on for some time now. Dr Roy Taylor at Newcastle University on Tyneside, Northumbria (40 mins drive from my home) has researched the effects of diet on T2 for some years. The press call it “The Newcastle Diet”. He confirms that our diet and the foods we eat impact on our health and in some cases T2 can be reversed by diet alone.
    I believe the food supplements used in the programme can only be obtained on medical prescription for patients undergoing the treatment. Michael Mosley produced his “Blood Sugar Diet” books based on Dr Taylors research, again confirming the impact food has on our health.
    Can I draw your attention to recently published research carried out in Scandanavia which has proposed classifying 5 types of the disease rather than 2 types.
    The Lancet, Diabetes and Endocrinologyl published the research. It can be found on the following site. http://www.livescience.com/61917-diabetes-five-types.
    The research suggests classifying both types of diabetes into 5 clusters within the diagnosis to aid drug treatment.
    An interesting study, for information only at this stage for sufferers of T1 and T2.
    Good luck out there.

    Ljoyce: I read about that study over here in the states and I thought it sounded promising!

    Treatment of type two with diet has been around for quite a while. Here’s a TED talk from 2015 on reversal from a medical doctor in the US. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=da1vvigy5tQ

    Mom was right, eat your broccoli! https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/sulforaphane

    Mom was usually right, even about broccoli, but I still don’t like it.

    https://www.dietdoctor.com/groundbreaking-study-low-carb-effective-treatment-fatty-liver

    Early days but studies are pointing to low carb/low sugar consumption as a possible “cure” for fatty liver. Not surprising, really.

    I have just received an email from “Healthspan” an organisation from which we have occasionally bought vitamin supplements. Apparently breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and I should buy vitamin, mineral and glucosamine enhanced yoghurts and vitality protein coffee! I can get my mind round enhanced yoghurt, but what is vitality protein coffee? Rhetorical question, don’t bother answering, I’m not buying either.

    A comprehensive article:

    When we lose weight, where does it go?

    https://theconversation.com/when-we-lose-weight-where-does-it-go-91594

    Very interesting, Cinque! Thank you for posting that.

    Cinque. Thanks for that. I shall work my way through all of their offerings.

    Cinque: Thank you for that very interesting article. I also read that fasting and low glycemic diets also interfere with serotonin (only this time to the brain) and that is why some people have problems sleeping at night on these diets. I am combing the two, so this has been a problem for me!

    Ccco, if you come across some info on that, lease post the links here. I frequently have trouble sleeping on FD. I wonder if this could be the cause.

    Okay, Cauliflower! I will! I saw that other people posting have this problem, too, but the only thing I have found so far is to have a higher carb snack before bed! I haven’t tried it yet!

    Hello
    Michael Mosley made A TV programme for the BBC about sleep.
    One of the tips for better sleep was to take a prebiotic before bed time.
    I was initially horrified by the cost, but then found a well reviewed more affordable product.
    I don’t remember to take a capsule every night, but every time I do take one, I either sleep longer, or I can get back to sleep very easily – net result is that end of sleep is hours later than usual.
    Must remember to forget to take one tonight – 5:30am train trip tomorrow 🙂

    Ccco, eating a banana sometimes helps a little. Maybe it’s the tryptophan.

    Re the article “when we lose weight where does it go?”
    I’m not sure I buy into this one. Firstly it talks about conservation of matter, which I have never heard of – conservation of energy I would have thought, as in ‘energy can neither be created or destroyed, it can only change form’. And secondly it doesn’t mention how the body uses the energy released from the conversion to co2 and h2o. It seems unlikely that 10kg of fat would equate to exactly 10kg of co2 and h20 even allowing for the different energy levels stored in the fat compared to the water and co2. Any thoughts?

    It does seem well accepted Notascoobie. Here is an article written when the research was first done, several years ago. http://www.bbc.com/news/health-30494009

    “When fat is broken down to its constituent parts, a couple of things happen.

    Chemical bonds are broken, a process which releases heat and fuel to power muscles.

    But the atoms – the stuff fat is made of – remain, and much of these leave the body via the lungs as carbon dioxide, say the scientists.

    Fat from food is stored in the body in cells called adipocytes. It is stored as a compound called triglyceride.

    Triglyceride consists of three kinds of atoms; carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and this means that when it is broken down around a fifth of it forms water (H2O) and four-fifths becomes carbon dioxide (CO2).

    The water formed may be excreted in the urine, faeces, sweat, breath, tears, or other bodily fluids and is readily replenished by drinking water.

    But the exhaled carbon (in CO2) can only be replaced by eating food or consuming beverages such as fruit juice.”

    Hi Cinque
    I agree with everything you say. My issue with the article is that it might have been better named “what happens to the waste products resulting from fat metabolisation when we lose weight”. And I still have difficulty believing that the waste from 10kg of metabolised fat is 10kg of co2 and water. I would have expected a mass less than 10kg when you deduct the energy extracted by the body. But granted I am no expert and will happily bow to superior knowledge.

    Ps. The article you linked to above was a better explanation I thought. Thanks.

    Hi Notascoobie (I enjoyed your choice of moniker)

    In response to your expectation that the weight of the end products should be less than the weight of the inputs – because of the energy released:

    My (rudimentary) understanding is that any weight loss of the atoms associated with energy release cannot be practically measured by us. Why? It is way, way, way, way too small. The short explanation is that WW2 Hiroshima indicates the amount of energy releasable from the weight of an atom.

    See Einstein’s equation E=MC². That is E (energy) is equal to M (mass) times C (the speed of light) squared.

    So the relatively miniscule amounts of energy released in any chemical (as compared to nuclear) reactions have even more insignificant (i.e. unmeasurable) effects on the weight of chemical products from input to output – and conservation of weight of matter would hold.

    Just to clarify what was said in the last post. The amount of energy released when a lb of fat is “converted to energy/consumed” by the human body, or required for A human body to produce, can be calculated & is not insignicant (unless compared to a nuclear reaction). Conservation of energy, and matter, are scientific “proofs” – both having atomic reactions as the exception where energy can be converted into matter or vice versa. There is no mass change associated with non-nuclear reactions, period.
    All to say – when a lb of fat is “burnt” the end product is carbon dioxide, water & energy. You reverse the process to produce the fat. No matter, or energy, is created or destroyed in either process.
    What may be confusing the issue, for some people, is that the cell, or cells, containing the fat are not considered in the basic question/are considered unaltered except for loss of fat inside the cell (but again no matter or energy are created/destroyed).

    Cinque: This is all very fascinating! I never thought about where the fat went after we exercised and lost the weight. I just thought of fat being energy and if I used it up, I would lose weight. Never gave it any further thought! Now I know that getting out there and sweating is good on more than one level! Thanks! 🙂

    Blimey. I guess I don’t know how much I don’t know. Thanks to all for enlightening me on this subject.

    The energy we are discussing here is related to the chemical bonds *between* the atoms in your fat molecules (or sugar or whatever). As stated above no mass is ever gained or lost in these processes. Typical bonds in sugar and fat molecules are weak (low energy), but all atoms want to form stronger bonds (high energy) like in water or CO2 molecules, and it is this difference in bond energy that is released when fat is ‘burned’.

    This is different to your good old e=mc2 energy/mass which is related to the interactions between protons and neutrons *inside* the atom’s nucleus. The reason that mass changes in nuclear reactions is that the atom’s nucleus actually weighs less than the sum of all the masses of the protons and neutrons in it. The missing ‘mass defect’ is equivalent to a certain amount of energy (because of e=mc2) which is called the ‘nuclear binding energy’, which was used to stick all the protons and neutrons together. It is part of this nuclear binding energy that is released as energy during a fission or fusion reaction, which is a million times more energetic than a chemical reaction.

    SW600 – not sure where you got your info but disagree. As per Einstein’s formula (E=MC2), the energy created in a nuclear reaction is a result of matter being turned into energy. While the forces that hold a nucleus together are indeed very strong, that is not where the energy comes from.
    Following is quote from http://www.dummies.com/education/science/nuclear-fission-basics/
    Other scientific sites will give similar info.
    Reactions of this type also release a lot of energy. Where does the energy come from? Well, if you make very accurate measurement of the masses of all the atoms and subatomic particles you start with and all the atoms and subatomic particles you end up with, and then compare the two, you find that there’s some “missing” mass. Matter disappears during the nuclear reaction. This loss of matter is called the mass defect. The missing matter is converted into energy.

    The initial question was – “when we lose Wright, where does it go”
    Apologies for not reading all the pseudo science gullible faddy nonsense, but if you lose weight, you can body analyse and if your weight is down and your muscle mass is not impacted too much – then carry on my dears!
    You are allowed to be discerning in what you post 🙂

    Bcjmmac thanks for the ‘dummies’ reference but this might help more:

    https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_interaction

    There is a lot of weirdness that goes on in quantum chromodynamics, more than I could ever learn in a 4 year degree and certainly more than can be summarised in a paragraph in thread about something else entirely.

    I always did believe it was magic. I don’t really care where it goes, as long as it’s no longer on my hips or butt! 😁

    Some new research on 5:2

    Intermittent energy restriction diets, such as the 5:2 diet, clears fat from the blood quicker after eating meals than daily calorie restriction diets – reducing an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

    https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/03/180319091120.htm

    I saw different headlines in difference places for this research as the journalists are cherry picking the results to suit their take on nutrition!

    Woohoo Cornish Jane!

    Does your workplace need to talk about cake?

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9iomxDc6izE

    Lou Walker is a researcher, speaker and writer who focusses on workplace health and wellbeing. With 16 years as a management training and development consultant, Lou felt she could make more of a difference to people’s work performance and quality of life in general by tackling obesity and physical inactivity. This led to an MSc in Obesity & Weight Management at the University of Chester where she conducted research into UK office cake culture – the popular phenomenon of supplying sweet treats for work colleagues to share during the working day. Using her research results, Lou now works with organisations to start conversations among work colleagues to explore their own cake culture. The aim is to help people discuss and agree how to minimise cake consumption while retaining the social benefits of socialising with colleagues.

    More research coming in on the benefits of intermittent fasting.
    This one claims you get some health benefits even if you don’t get the weight loss, but you should avoid taking Vitamin Cs and Es while fasting.

    I can’t imagine why the study asked the participants to eat so much on the non-fast days – maybe so they could tell the difference between the benefits of weight loss v the benefits of intermittent fasting, even without weight loss.

    https://www.sciencealert.com/doing-the-5-2-diet-avoid-antioxidants-new-research-suggests

    Cornish-jane: that article is interesting but I, too, can’t understand why they wanted people to eat so many calories. It makes no good sense! I would never eat that much for any reason! Thanks for the article

    Interesting. Longo in the longevity diet suggests substantial doses of vitamin C at quite wide intervals in the period between fasts.

    Re that bewildering 175% of calories, I think that it is because, even though the headline says 5:2, they were actually doing Alternate Day Fasting.

    Hi there,

    New to the community, so forgive me if the information is a repeat.

    There was an interesting article in popular science:
    https://www.popsci.com/intermittent-fasting-science#page-4

    and linked to it an article that as it claims it is not a meta-review as studies cannot be combined but is an overview of what is out there and even the fastdiet book is mentioned.

    https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064634

    The study was done by the Univerity of California in San Diego.

    Apparently studies are not conclusive.

    FastLeo

    They asked participants to eat 175% on the days after the fast days, thereby rendering no actual calorie deficit over the course of the experiment. This was presumably to ensure that there would be no weight loss, and therefore that could be excluded as a trigger for any measured physiological effects.

    The Bugs in Your Gut Could Make You Weak in the Knees

    “Bacteria in the gut, known as the gut microbiome, could be the culprit behind arthritis and joint pain that plagues people who are obese, according to a new study published today in JCI Insight. ”

    https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/5326/the-bugs-in-your-gut-could-make-you-weak-in-the-knees.aspx

    PS Thanks FastLeo for that interesting link.

    Someone may have already posted this, but it is an interesting explanation for why a pound of fat may not equal 3500 calories and how that may manifest itself in one’s weight loss efforts:

    http://www.zoeharcombe.com/standalone/1lb-does-not-equal-3500-calories/

    @onlyhermes – I’m impressed with Dr. Harcombe’s blog. Thanks for posting the link.

    Onlyhermes. Interesting – those links to other thoughts have to be read as well! Thank you.

    A radio piece about the 800 calorie a day fasting reversing the progression of diabetes.

    http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/healthreport/reversing-type-2-diabetes-with-weight-loss/9686812

    Cinque, what I find surprising is that after a year few people in this study had regained weight – very reassuring given how difficult maintenance usually is for most people. Their 800 cal diet was with meal replacement products which doesn’t teach you how to eat properly after losing weight. I wonder if they offered some other nutrition education to help with that, the transcript doesn’t say.

    This is definitely a related science article people might be interested in 😉

    A US study has found the consumption of dark chocolate can improve your eyesight.
    https://www.sbs.com.au/news/forget-carrots-study-finds-dark-chocolate-can-improve-vision

    Also re last post. I agree LJoyce. I noted the ‘end of the first year’ included the time from the start, and some of them took months to lose the weight. But I am sure if I was one of them I would educate myself on how to keep going.
    It made me think Dr Mosley was onto a good thing with his 8 weeks of 800 and then 5:2 and/or Mediterranean diet.

    Fitness apps found to make almost no difference to users’ health

    ‘Researchers studied a range of apps and found only one was effective, while others failed to spark improvements or made the problem worse’

    https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/may/11/fitness-apps-found-to-make-almost-no-difference-to-users-health?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

    Cinque. I am giving the dark chocolate idea a serious try. The study on fitness apps matches similar studies here. The free app that came with my iphone can describe my afternoon walk as anything between 2 and 5 miles.

    USA Day 11 FD

    Then end of my B2B2B is almost over and I am amazed I did it! I don’t think I can do this very often. Once in awhile is good. I am better at the normal 5:2 plan! Tomorrow I am celebrating Mother’s Day with a luncheon with my kids and their spouses, so I will be challenged but I am psyched up to do it right with this FD right behind me!

    Mjrbcd44: Sorry to see you go but a step-away from things got regroup is a healthy way to go Good luck,l my friend, and hope to see you again perhaps in June! 🙂

    MissyBear: Hopefully, that gain is just water weight and will be quickly gone!

    Bert1802: Congrats on your FD success and it’s good to see you back!

    Michelinme: Thank you so much for your encouragement. The fat ;ends today at 4 p.m, and I can’t believe I did it! I’ve only managed a 24 hour water fast before and not since! BTW! I wish I had a 30″ waist!! 🙂

    dykask: It’s amazing how you are able to do all those fasts! Congrats!

    Anna6: I bet your son aces those O exams!

    Have a great day, everyone! 🙂

    I agree that most apps are nothing but an effort in marketing but I LOVE my Lifesum app to help me track what I eat and my Happy Scale app to help me track my weight. It’s just anecdotal but those 2 apps are definitely helping me reach my goal.

    Now about dark chocolate… that’s great news!! 😀

    Did anyone read this?

    The Headline was

    Fasting diets may raise risk of diabetes, researchers warn

    https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/may/20/fasting-diets-raise-risk-of-diabetes

    I tried to follow the link to the actual research paper but could not. I think there is a paywall, or some other obstruction. Anyone with any thoughts on this or able to access to original paper, that would be good.

    I like to keep an open mind and read all sides of the argument but its difficult if you can’t see the basic data!

Viewing 50 posts - 651 through 700 (of 1,018 total)

You must be logged in to reply.